Chemical Datasheet
EPINEPHRINE |
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Chemical Identifiers
The
Chemical Identifier fields
include common identification numbers, the
NFPA diamond
U.S. Department of Transportation hazard labels, and a general
description of the chemical. The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes
from a variety of
data sources.
CAS Number | UN/NA Number | DOT Hazard Label | USCG CHRIS Code |
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|
|
none | |
NIOSH Pocket Guide | International Chem Safety Card | ||
none | none |
NFPA 704
data unavailable
General Description
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: White to nearly-white microcrystalline powder or granules. Odorless. Melting point 211-212°C. Aqueous solutions are slightly alkaline. Slightly bitter, numbing taste.
Hazards
The
Hazard fields
include
special hazard alerts
air and water
reactions, fire hazards, health hazards, a reactivity profile, and
details about
reactive groups assignments
and
potentially incompatible absorbents.
The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of
data sources.
Reactivity Alerts
none
Air & Water Reactions
This chemical darkens slowly on exposure to air and light. Water insoluble. Readily soluble in aqueous solutions of inorganic acids. Solutions undergo oxidation in the presence of oxygen.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for this chemical are not available. It is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)
Health Hazard
SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include restlessness, anxiety, fear, throbbing headache, tremor, weakness, dizziness, palpitations, cerebral hemorrhage and cardiac arrhythmias. Other symptoms may include pallor, tenseness and respiratory difficulty. The blood pressure is markedly raised initially but may be below normal later, and may be accompanied by persistent anuria. Exposure may also result in ventricular fibrillation, dyspnea, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, coldness of the extremities and pulmonary edema. Exposure may also result in convulsions, nausea and vomiting, chills, cyanosis, irritability, fever, nervousness, suicidal behavior, mania, blurred vision, opisthotonus, spasms, gasping respiration, coma, respiratory failure and, rarely, death. Contact with this compound may cause irritation. It may also cause contact dermatitis. Inhalation may cause bronchial irritation, sleeplessness and rapid heartbeat. It may also cause epigastric pain. Inhalation or injection of the decomposed chemical will cause a psychosis-like state with hallucinations and morbid fears. Prolonged nasal use leads to chronic nasal congestion. Facial flushing has been reported. Other symptoms of exposure include faintness, trembling, perspiration and extrasystoles. Eye effects include epithelial disturbances such as allergy or contact sensitivity characterized by itching and burning sensation, epiphora and hyperemia of the conjunctiva and lids; reactive hyperemia, tiny black or dark-brown deposits in the conjunctiva, "black cornea", epithelial edema and, rarely, follicular conjunctivitis, white keratinized plaque in the conjunctiva, ocular pemphigoid, loss of eyelashes, excessive tearing and persistent meibomianitis. Other eye effects include corneal endothelial disturbances such as dilated pupils and corneal edema; retinopathy and choroidopathy; lens changes and intraocular pressure. Eye inflammation also occurs.
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is highly toxic by ingestion. It may be fatal by inhalation or skin absorption. It may cause irritation. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. (NTP, 1992)
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is highly toxic by ingestion. It may be fatal by inhalation or skin absorption. It may cause irritation. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. (NTP, 1992)
Reactivity Profile
EPINEPHRINE is incompatible with oxidizers, alkalis, copper, iron, silver, zinc and other metals; gum and tannin. It is also incompatible with acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. It reacts with salts of sulfurous acid (NTP, 1992).
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents
Use caution: Liquids with this reactive group classification have been known to react with the absorbent listed below. More info about absorbents, including situations to watch out for...
- Mineral-Based & Clay-Based Absorbents
Response Recommendations
The
Response Recommendation fields
include isolation and evacuation distances, as well as recommendations for
firefighting, non-fire response, protective clothing, and first aid. The
information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of
data sources.
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.
FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.
FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
Firefighting
Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)
Non-Fire Response
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with 5% acetic acid, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 5% acetic acid to pick up any remaining material. Your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with 5% acetic acid followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)
Protective Clothing
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge, i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter). (NTP, 1992)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
No information available.
First Aid
EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.
INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)
SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.
INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)
Physical Properties
The
Physical Property fields
include properties such as vapor pressure and
boiling point, as well as explosive limits and
toxic exposure thresholds
The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of
data sources.
Note: For Vapor Density and Specific Gravity, comparing the value to 1.0 can tell you if the chemical will likely sink/rise in air or sink/float in fresh water (respectively). Short phrases have been added to those values below as an aid. However, make sure to also consider the circumstances of a release. The Vapor Density comparisons are only valid when the gas escaping is at the same temperature as the surrounding air itself. If the chemical is escaping from a container where it was pressurized or refrigerated, it may first escape and behave as a heavy gas and sink in the air (even if it has a Vapor Density value less than 1). Also, the Specific Gravity comparisons are for fresh water (density 1.0 g/mL). If your spill is in salt water (density about 1.027 g/mL), you need to adjust the point of comparison. There are some chemicals that will sink in fresh water and float in salt water.
Note: For Vapor Density and Specific Gravity, comparing the value to 1.0 can tell you if the chemical will likely sink/rise in air or sink/float in fresh water (respectively). Short phrases have been added to those values below as an aid. However, make sure to also consider the circumstances of a release. The Vapor Density comparisons are only valid when the gas escaping is at the same temperature as the surrounding air itself. If the chemical is escaping from a container where it was pressurized or refrigerated, it may first escape and behave as a heavy gas and sink in the air (even if it has a Vapor Density value less than 1). Also, the Specific Gravity comparisons are for fresh water (density 1.0 g/mL). If your spill is in salt water (density about 1.027 g/mL), you need to adjust the point of comparison. There are some chemicals that will sink in fresh water and float in salt water.
Chemical Formula: |
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Flash Point: data unavailable
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): data unavailable
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): data unavailable
Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable
Melting Point:
412 to 414°F
(NTP, 1992)
Vapor Pressure: data unavailable
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): data unavailable
Specific Gravity: data unavailable
Boiling Point: data unavailable
Molecular Weight:
183.21
(NTP, 1992)
Water Solubility:
less than 0.1 mg/mL
at 64°F
(NTP, 1992)
Ionization Energy/Potential: data unavailable
IDLH: data unavailable
AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)
No AEGL information available.ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)
No ERPG information available.PACs (Protective Action Criteria)
No PAC information available.Regulatory Information
The
Regulatory Information fields
include information from
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Title III Consolidated List of
Lists,
the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency's Chemical Facility
Anti-Terrorism Standards,
and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's
Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard List
(see more about these
data sources).
EPA Consolidated List of Lists
Regulatory Name | CAS Number/ 313 Category Code |
EPCRA 302 EHS TPQ |
EPCRA 304 EHS RQ |
CERCLA RQ | EPCRA 313 TRI |
RCRA Code |
CAA 112(r) RMP TQ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epinephrine | 51-43-4 | 1000 pounds | P042 |
(EPA List of Lists, 2024)
CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)
No regulatory information available.OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List
No regulatory information available.Alternate Chemical Names
This section provides a listing of alternate names for this chemical,
including trade names and synonyms.
- ADNEPHRINE
- ADRENAL
- ADRENALIN
- ADRENALIN IN OIL
- ADRENALIN-MEDIHALER
- ADRENALINE
- (-)-ADRENALINE
- ADRENAMINE
- ADRENAN
- ADRENAPAX
- ADRENASOL
- ADRENATRATE
- ADRENINE
- ADRENODIS
- ADRENOHORMA
- ADRENOSAN
- ADRENUTOL
- ADRIN
- ADRINE
- ANTIASTHMATIQUE
- ASMATANE MIST
- ASTHMA METER MIST
- ASTHMA-NEFRIN
- ASTHMAHALIN
- ASTMINHAL
- BALMADREN
- 1,2-BENZENEDIOL, 4-[1-HYDROXY-2-(METHYLAMINO)ETHYL]-, (R)-
- BENZYL ALCOHOL, 3,4-DIHYDROXY-ALPHA-[(METHYLAMINO)METHYL]-, (-)-
- BERNARENIN
- BIORENINE
- BOSMIN
- BREVIRENIN
- BRONKAID MIST
- CHELAFRIN
- CORISOL
- 3,4-DIHYDROXY-1-[1-HYDROXY-2-(METHYLAMINO)ETHYL]BENZENE
- (-)-3,4-DIHYDROXY-ALPHA-((METHYLAMINO)METHYL)BENZYL ALCOHOL
- 3,4-DIHYDROXY-ALPHA-((METHYLAMINO)METHYL)BENZYL ALCOHOL
- 3,4-DIHYDROXY-ALPHA-[(METHYLAMINO)METHYL]BENZYL ALCOHOL
- 1-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-2-(METHYLAMINO)ETHANOL
- DRENAMIST
- DYLEPHRIN
- DYSPNE-INHAL
- EPIFRIN
- EPINEFRINA
- EPINEPHRAN
- EPINEPHRINE
- (-)-EPINEPHRINE
- EPIRENAMINE
- EPIRENAN
- EPIRENIN
- EPITRATE
- ESPHYGMOGENINA
- EXADRIN
- GLAUCOSAN
- GLYCIRENAN
- HAEMOSTASIN
- HAEMOSTATIN
- HEKTALIN
- HEMISINE
- HEMOSTASIN
- HEMOSTATIN
- 4-[1-HYDROXY-2-(METHYLAMINO)ETHYL]-1,2-BENZENEDIOL
- HYPERNEPHRIN
- HYPORENIN
- INTRANEFRIN
- ISOPTOEPINAL
- KIDOLINE
- L-1-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-2-METHYLAMINOETHANOL
- L-ADRENALIN
- L-ADRENALINE
- L-EPINEPHRINE
- L-EPINEPHRINE (SYNTHETIC)
- L-EPIRENAMINE
- L-METHYLAMINOETHANOLCATECHOL
- LEVOEPINEPHRINE
- LEVORENIN
- LEVORENINE
- LEVORENINUM
- LYODRIN
- LYOPHRIN
- MEDIHALER-EPI
- METANEPHRIN
- METHYLAMINOETHANOLCATECHOL
- METHYLARTERENOL
- MUCIDRINA
- MYOSTHENINE
- MYTRATE
- NEPHRIDINE
- NIERALINE
- PARANEPHRIN
- PRIMATENE MIST
- (R)-4-(1-HYDROXY-2-(METHYLAMINO)ETHYL)-1,2-BENZENEDIOL
- (R)-ADRENALINE
- (R)-EPINEPHRINE
- (-)-(R)-EPINEPHRINE
- R-(-)-EPINEPHRINE
- RENAGLADIN
- RENAGLANDIN
- RENAGLANDULIN
- RENALEPTINE
- RENALINA
- RENOFORM
- RENOSTYPRICIN
- RENOSTYPTICIN
- RENOSTYPTIN
- SCURENALINE
- SINDRENINA
- SOLADREN
- SPHYGMOGENIN
- STRYPTIRENAL
- STYPTIRENAL
- SUPRACAPSULIN
- SUPRADIN
- SUPRANEFRAN
- SUPRANEPHRANE
- SUPRANEPHRINE
- SUPRANOL
- SUPRARENALINE
- SUPRARENIN
- SUPREL
- SURENINE
- SURRENINE
- SUS-PHRINE
- SUSPHRINE
- SYMPATHIN I
- TAKAMINA
- TAKAMINE
- TOKAMINA
- TONOGEN
- VAPONEFRIN
- VASOCONSTRICTINE
- VASOCONSTRICTOR
- VASODRINE
- VASOTON
- VASOTONIN