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Reactive Group Datasheet
What are reactive groups?
Reactive groups are categories of chemicals that typically react in similar
ways because they are similar in their chemical structure. Each substance with
a chemical datasheet has been assigned to one or more reactive groups, and
CAMEO Chemicals uses the reactive group assignments to make its reactivity
predictions.
More info about reactivity predictions...
If you can't find a chemical in the database--but you know what reactive group
it belongs in--you can add the reactive group to MyChemicals instead in order
to see the reactivity predictions.
There are
51 chemical datasheets
assigned to this reactive group.
Description
Flammability
Materials in this group are generally nonflammable. They may accelerate the combustion of other materials by providing oxygen to the combustion site, that is, by serving as oxidizing agents.
Reactivity
Materials in this group are generally soluble in water with the release of hydrogen ions. The resulting solutions have pHs of 1 or near 1. Materials in this group react with chemical bases (for example: amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts. These neutralization reactions occur as the base accepts hydrogen ions that the acid donates. Neutralizations can generate dangerously large amounts of heat in small spaces. The dissolution of acids in water or the dilution of their concentrated solutions with water may generate significant heat. The addition of water to acids often generates sufficient heat in the small region of mixing to boil some of the water explosively. The resulting "bumping" spatters acid widely. These materials have significant ability as oxidizing agents, but that ability varies (for example, nitric acid is a stronger oxidizing agent than sulfuric acid and most sulfonic acids). They can react with active metals, including iron and aluminum, and also many less active metals, to dissolve the metal and liberate hydrogen and/or toxic gases. The subsequent stability of the corrosion products (possibly nitrates) should be considered. Like other acids, materials in this group can initiate polymerization in certain classes of organic compounds. Their reactions with cyanide salts and compounds release gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases are also often generated by their reactions with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and even carbonates: the carbon dioxide gas from the last is non-toxic but the heat and spattering from the reaction can be troublesome. Acids often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.
Toxicity
Corrosive to tissue. Acid fumes irritate sensitive tissues (such as the eyes and respiratory system) especially severely.
Other Characteristics
Acids have a sour taste; they turn blue litmus red. Strong acids completely dissociate in water to H+ ions and extremely weak conjugate base anions. Oxidizing acids dissociate to give anions that do act as oxidants. They possess a pKa value below -2, or a pH value less than 2.
Examples
Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, chloric acid, nitrosulfuric acid, selenic acid.
Reactivity Documentation
Use the links below to find out how this reactive group interacts with any
of the reactive groups in the database.
The predicted hazards and gas byproducts for each reactive group pair will
be displayed, as well as documentation and references that were used to
make the reactivity predictions.
Mix Acids, Strong Oxidizing with:
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Acetals, Ketals, Hemiacetals, and Hemiketals
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Acids, Carboxylic
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Acids, Strong Non-oxidizing
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Acids, Strong Oxidizing
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Acids, Weak
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Acrylates and Acrylic Acids
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Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates
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Alcohols and Polyols
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Aldehydes
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Alkynes, with Acetylenic Hydrogen
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Alkynes, with No Acetylenic Hydrogen
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Amides and Imides
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Amines, Aromatic
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Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines
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Anhydrides
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Aryl Halides
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Azo, Diazo, Azido, Hydrazine, and Azide Compounds
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Bases, Strong
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Bases, Weak
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Carbamates
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Carbonate Salts
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Chlorosilanes
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Conjugated Dienes
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Cyanides, Inorganic
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Diazonium Salts
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Epoxides
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Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters
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Ethers
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Fluoride Salts, Soluble
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Fluorinated Organic Compounds
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Halogenated Organic Compounds
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Halogenating Agents
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Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Saturated
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Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated
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Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
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Insufficient Information for Classification
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Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates
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Ketones
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Metal Hydrides, Metal Alkyls, Metal Aryls, and Silanes
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Metals, Alkali, Very Active
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Metals, Elemental and Powder, Active
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Metals, Less Reactive
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Nitrate and Nitrite Compounds, Inorganic
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Nitrides, Phosphides, Carbides, and Silicides
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Nitriles
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Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic
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Non-Redox-Active Inorganic Compounds
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Not Chemically Reactive
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Organometallics
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Oxidizing Agents, Strong
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Oxidizing Agents, Weak
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Oximes
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Peroxides, Organic
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Phenolic Salts
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Phenols and Cresols
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Polymerizable Compounds
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Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts
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Reducing Agents, Strong
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Reducing Agents, Weak
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Salts, Acidic
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Salts, Basic
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Siloxanes
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Sulfides, Inorganic
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Sulfides, Organic
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Sulfite and Thiosulfate Salts
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Sulfonates, Phosphonates, and Thiophosphonates, Organic
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Thiocarbamate Esters and Salts/Dithiocarbamate Esters and Salts
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Water and Aqueous Solutions