Chemical Datasheet
MUSTARD GAS |
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Chemical Identifiers
The
Chemical Identifier fields
include common identification numbers, the
NFPA diamond
U.S. Department of Transportation hazard labels, and a general
description of the chemical. The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes
from a variety of
data sources.
CAS Number | UN/NA Number | DOT Hazard Label | USCG CHRIS Code |
---|---|---|---|
|
|
none | |
NIOSH Pocket Guide | International Chem Safety Card | ||
none |
NFPA 704
data unavailable
General Description
Mustard gas is a clear amber colored oily liquid with a faint odor of mustard/garlic. It is not readily combustible. Its vapors are heavier than air, are very toxic, and can be absorbed through the skin. The effects from exposure to the material include blindness which may be delayed. Prolonged exposure of the container to fire or intense heat may cause it to violently rupture and rocket. Mustard gas is also known as dichlorodiethyl sulfide.
Hazards
The
Hazard fields
include
special hazard alerts
air and water
reactions, fire hazards, health hazards, a reactivity profile, and
details about
reactive groups assignments
and
potentially incompatible absorbents.
The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of
data sources.
Reactivity Alerts
- Water-Reactive
Air & Water Reactions
Reacts with water or steam very slowly to produce toxic and corrosive fumes(oxides of sulfur and chlorine)
Fire Hazard
Can be ignited by large explosive charge. When heated to decomposition, emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur and chlorine containing compounds. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Containers may rupture violently in a fire. Incompatible with bleaching powder. Reacts violently with oxidizing materials. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Unstable, hydrolyzed in aqueous solution. Avoid high heat; contact with acid or acid fumes. (EPA, 1998)
Health Hazard
The median lethal dosage is 1500 mg-minute/m3 for inhalation and 10,000 mg-minute/m3 for skin absorption (masked personnel). The median incapacitating dosage is 200 mg-minute/m3 for eye injury and 2000 mg-minute/m3 for skin absorption (masked personnel). Wet skin absorbs more material than dry skin. May cause death or permanent injury after very short exposure to small quantities. It is a blistering gas and is highly irritating to eyes, skin, and lungs. Pulmonary lesions are often fatal. Permanent eye damage and severe respiratory impairment. It is a carcinogen. (EPA, 1998)
Reactivity Profile
MUSTARD GAS is incompatible with bleaching powder. Reacts violently with oxidizing materials. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Unstable, hydrolyzed in aqueous solution. Avoid high heat; contact with acid or acid fumes. [EPA, 1998].
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents
No information available.
Response Recommendations
The
Response Recommendation fields
include isolation and evacuation distances, as well as recommendations for
firefighting, non-fire response, protective clothing, and first aid. The
information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of
data sources.
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
SPILL: If this material is being used as a weapon, see ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 2810 datasheet. Otherwise increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.
FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
SPILL: If this material is being used as a weapon, see ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 2810 datasheet. Otherwise increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.
FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)
Firefighting
Protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus required in presence of mustard gas.
Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.
Extinguish with water, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. (EPA, 1998)
Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.
Extinguish with water, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. (EPA, 1998)
Non-Fire Response
Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)
Protective Clothing
For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
Tychem® Fabric Legend
QS = Tychem 2000 SFR |
QC = Tychem 2000 |
SL = Tychem 4000 |
C3 = Tychem 5000 |
TF = Tychem 6000 |
TP = Tychem 6000 FR |
BR = Tychem 9000 |
RC = Tychem RESPONDER® CSM |
TK = Tychem 10000 |
RF = Tychem 10000 FR |
Testing Details
The fabric permeation data was generated for DuPont by independent
testing laboratories using ASTM F739, EN369, EN 374-3, EN ISO 6529
(method A and B) or ASTM D6978 test methods.
Normalized breakthrough times
(the time at which the permeation rate is equal to 0.1 µg/cm2/min)
reported in minutes.
All liquid chemicals have been tested between approximately 20°C and
27°C unless otherwise stated.
A different temperature may have significant influence on the
breakthrough time; permeation rates typically increase with
temperature.
All chemicals have
been tested at a concentration of greater than 95% unless otherwise
stated.
Unless otherwise stated, permeation was measured for single chemicals.
The permeation characteristics of mixtures can deviate considerably
from the permeation behavior of the individual chemicals.
Chemical warfare agents (Lewisite, Sarin, Soman, Sulfur
Mustard, Tabun and VX Nerve Agent) have been tested at 22°C and 50%
relative humidity per military standard MIL-STD-282.
Chemical | CAS Number | State | QS | QC | SL | C3 | TF | TP | BR | RC | TK | RF |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sulfur mustard (>95%, 10 g/m² coverage) | 505-60-2 | Liquid | >480 | 120 | >480 | >480 | >480 | >480 | ||||
Sulfur mustard (>95%, 100 g/m² coverage) | 505-60-2 | Liquid | >480 | >480 | >480 | >480 | >480 | >480 |
> indicates greater than.
A blank cell indicates the fabric has not been tested. The fabric may or may not offer barrier.
A blank cell indicates the fabric has not been tested. The fabric may or may not offer barrier.
Special Warnings from DuPont
- Serged and bound seams are degraded by some hazardous liquid chemicals, such as strong acids, and should not be worn when these chemicals are present.
-
CAUTION: This information is based upon technical data that
DuPont believes to be reliable. It is subject to revision as
additional knowledge and experience are gained. DuPont makes no
guarantee of results and assumes no obligation or liability...
... in connection with this information. It is the user's responsibility to determine the level of toxicity and the proper personal protective equipment needed. The information set forth herein reflects laboratory performance of fabrics, not complete garments, under controlled conditions. It is intended for informational use by persons having technical skill for evaluation under their specific end-use conditions, at their own discretion and risk. Anyone intending to use this information should first verify that the garment selected is suitable for the intended use. In many cases, seams and closures have shorter breakthrough times and higher permeation rates than the fabric. Please contact DuPont for specific data. If fabric becomes torn, abraded or punctured, or if seams or closures fail, or if attached gloves, visors, etc. are damaged, end user should discontinue use of garment to avoid potential exposure to chemical. Since conditions of use are outside our control, we make no warranties, express or implied, including, without limitation, no warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use and assume no liability in connection with any use of this information. This information is not intended as a license to operate under or a recommendation to infringe any patent or technical information of DuPont or others covering any material or its use.
(DuPont, 2018)
First Aid
Warning: May cause death or permanent injury after very short exposure to small quantities. Mustard gas is a powerful irritant and vesicant, producing corrosion and necrosis of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Effects may be delayed by several hours or, in case of ocular effects, by many years. Cough may occur 1-12 hours after exposure. Caution is advised.
Signs and Symptoms of Mustard Gas Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to mustard gas may include dyspnea (difficult or labored breathing), cough, fever, headache, severe eye irritation, photophobia (sensitivity to light), lacrimation (tearing), and blindness. Irritation or ulceration of the respiratory tract may occur from inhalation; lesions may be fatal. Dizziness, malaise (body discomfort), anorexia, and lethargy can occur after acute exposure. Arrhythmias and CNS excitation with convulsions followed by CNS depression may occur. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may be caused by ingestion or by systemic absorption. Hemorrhage and anemia may develop several days after exposure.
Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Treatment has traditionally involved rapid decontamination and symptomatic treatment; TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE in decontamination. Acute exposure to mustard gas may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.
Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air as rapidly as possible. TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE! Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mustard gas.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Rush to a health care facility.
Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE! Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mustard gas.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. Treat blisters as burns.
6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
7. Rush to a health care facility.
Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)
Signs and Symptoms of Mustard Gas Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to mustard gas may include dyspnea (difficult or labored breathing), cough, fever, headache, severe eye irritation, photophobia (sensitivity to light), lacrimation (tearing), and blindness. Irritation or ulceration of the respiratory tract may occur from inhalation; lesions may be fatal. Dizziness, malaise (body discomfort), anorexia, and lethargy can occur after acute exposure. Arrhythmias and CNS excitation with convulsions followed by CNS depression may occur. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may be caused by ingestion or by systemic absorption. Hemorrhage and anemia may develop several days after exposure.
Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Treatment has traditionally involved rapid decontamination and symptomatic treatment; TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE in decontamination. Acute exposure to mustard gas may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.
Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air as rapidly as possible. TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE! Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mustard gas.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Rush to a health care facility.
Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE! Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mustard gas.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. Treat blisters as burns.
6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
7. Rush to a health care facility.
Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)
Physical Properties
The
Physical Property fields
include properties such as vapor pressure and
boiling point, as well as explosive limits and
toxic exposure thresholds
The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of
data sources.
Chemical Formula: |
|
Flash Point:
221 ° F
(EPA, 1998)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): data unavailable
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): data unavailable
Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable
Melting Point:
55 to 57 ° F
(EPA, 1998)
Vapor Pressure:
0.09 mm Hg
at 86 ° F
(EPA, 1998)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air):
5.4
(EPA, 1998)
Specific Gravity:
1.274
at 68 ° F
(EPA, 1998)
Boiling Point:
419 to 423 ° F
at 760 mm Hg
(EPA, 1998)
Molecular Weight:
159.08
(EPA, 1998)
Water Solubility: data unavailable
Ionization Potential: data unavailable
IDLH: data unavailable
AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)
Exposure Period | AEGL-1 | AEGL-2 | AEGL-3 |
---|---|---|---|
10 minutes | 0.06 ppm | 0.09 ppm | 0.59 ppm |
30 minutes | 0.02 ppm | 0.03 ppm | 0.41 ppm |
60 minutes | 0.01 ppm | 0.02 ppm | 0.32 ppm |
4 hours | 0.003 ppm | 0.004 ppm | 0.08 ppm |
8 hours | 0.001 ppm | 0.002 ppm | 0.04 ppm |
(NAC/NRC, 2017)
ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)
No ERPG information available.PACs (Protective Action Criteria)
Chemical | PAC-1 | PAC-2 | PAC-3 |
---|---|---|---|
Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide; (HD; Sulfur mustard) (505-60-2) | 0.01 ppm | 0.02 ppm | 0.32 ppm |
(DOE, 2016)
Regulatory Information
The
Regulatory Information fields
include information from
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Title III Consolidated List of
Lists,
the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Chemical Facility
Anti-Terrorism Standards,
and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's
Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard List
(see more about these
data sources).
EPA Consolidated List of Lists
Regulatory Name | CAS Number/ 313 Category Code |
EPCRA 302 EHS TPQ |
EPCRA 304 EHS RQ |
CERCLA RQ | EPCRA 313 TRI |
RCRA Code |
CAA 112(r) RMP TQ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethane, 1,1'-thiobis[2-chloro- | 505-60-2 | 500 pounds | 500 pounds | X | |||
Mustard gas | 505-60-2 | 500 pounds | 500 pounds | 313 |
- "X" indicates that this is a second name for an EPCRA section 313 chemical already included on this consolidated list. May also indicate that the same chemical with the same CAS number appears on another list with a different chemical name.
(EPA List of Lists, 2015)
DHS Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)
RELEASE | THEFT | SABOTAGE | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chemical of Interest | CAS Number | Min Conc | STQ | Security Issue |
Min Conc | STQ | Security Issue |
Min Conc | STQ | Security Issue |
Sulfur mustard (Mustard gas (H)); [Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide] | 505-60-2 | CUM 100 grams | CW/CWP |
- CW/CWP = chemical weapons/chemical weapons precursors.
- CUM = cumulative.
(DHS, 2007)
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List
No regulatory information available.Alternate Chemical Names
This section provides a listing of alternate names for this chemical,
including trade names and synonyms.
- AGENT HD
- BETA, BETA'-DICHLOROETHYL SULFIDE
- BETA, BETA'-DICHLOROETHYL SULPHIDE
- BETA,BETA'-DICHLORODIETHYL SULFIDE
- BETA,BETA'-DICHLOROETHYL SULFIDE
- BETA,BETA-DICHLOR-ETHYL-SULPHIDE
- BETA-CHLOROETHYLISOBUTYL SULFIDE
- BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) SULFIDE
- BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) SULPHIDE
- BIS(BETA-CHLOROETHYL) SULFIDE
- BIS(BETA-CHLOROETHYL) SULPHIDE
- 1-CHLORO-2-(BETA-CHLOROETHYLTHIO)ETHANE
- DI-2-CHLOROETHYL SULFIDE
- DI-2-CHLOROETHYL SULPHIDE
- 2,2'-DICHLORODIETHYL SULFIDE
- 2,2'-DICHLORODIETHYL SULPHIDE
- 2,2'-DICHLOROETHYL SULFIDE
- 2,2'-DICHLOROETHYL SULPHIDE
- DISTILLED MUSTARD
- ETHANE, 1,1'-THIOBIS(2-CHLORO-
- ETHANE, 1,1'-THIOBIS[2-CHLORO-
- H
- HD
- HD (CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT)
- IPRIT
- KAMPFSTOFF "LOST"
- KAMPSTOFF LOST
- MUSTARD
- MUSTARD GAS
- MUSTARD HD
- MUSTARD VAPOR
- MUSTARD, SULFUR
- S MUSTARD
- S-LOST
- S-YPERITE
- SCHWEFEL-LOST
- SENFGAS
- SULFIDE, BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL)
- SULFUR MUSTARD
- SULFUR MUSTARD GAS
- SULPHUR MUSTARD
- SULPHUR MUSTARD GAS
- 1,1'-THIOBIS(2-CHLOROETHANE)
- YELLOW CROSS LIQUID
- YPERITE