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Chemical Datasheet

HYDROGEN BROMIDE, ANHYDROUS

2.3 - Poisonous gas 8 - Corrosive

Chemical Identifiers

CAS Number UN/NA Number DOT Hazard Label USCG CHRIS Code
  • 10035-10-6   (HYDROGEN BROMIDE)
  • 1048
  • Poison Gas
  • Corrosive
  • HBR
NIOSH Pocket Guide International Chem Safety Card
Hydrogen bromide
  • HYDROGEN BROMIDE
NFPA 704
data unavailable
General Description
A colorless gas with a pungent irritating odor. Corrosive. Heavier than air. Prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat may result in the violent rupture and rocketing of the container. Long-term exposure to low concentrations or short-term exposure to high concentrations can result in adverse health effects from inhalation. Used to make other chemicals and as a catalyst in the manufacture of chemicals.

Rate of onset: Immediate

Persistence: Minutes to hours

Odor threshold: 2 ppm

Source/use/other hazard: Chemical manufacturing industry; very corrosive.

Hazards

Reactivity Alerts
Air & Water Reactions
Acrid odor, fumes in moist air forming clouds containing hydrobromic acid. Heat of solution large, [Merck, 11th ed., 1989].
Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: Pressurized container may explode and release toxic, irritating vapor. (USCG, 1999)
Health Hazard
Inhalation causes severe irritation of nose and upper respiratory tract, lung injury. Ingestion causes burns of mouth and stomach. Contact with eyes causes severe irritation and burns. Contact with skin causes irritation and burns. (USCG, 1999)
Reactivity Profile
HYDROGEN BROMIDE is an anhydrous (no water) strong acid. Reacts rapidly and exothermically with bases of all kinds (including amines and amides). Reacts exothermically with carbonates (including limestone and building materials containing limestone) and hydrogen carbonates to generate carbon dioxide. Reacts with sulfides, carbides, borides, and phosphides to generate toxic or flammable gases. Reacts with many metals (including aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron, tin and all of the alkali metals) to generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,1-difluoroethylene, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, oleum, perchloric acid, b-propiolactone, propylene oxide, silver perchlorate/carbon tetrachloride mixture, sodium hydroxide, uranium(IV) phosphide, vinyl acetate, calcium carbide, rubidium carbide, cesium acetylide, rubidium acetylide, magnesium boride, mercury(II) sulfate, calcium phosphide, calcium carbide.
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents

No information available.

Response Recommendations

Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from 125 Polymerizable warning [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1048 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)
Firefighting
Excerpt from 125 Polymerizable warning [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]:

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Do not get water inside containers. Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2020)
Non-Fire Response
Excerpt from 125 Polymerizable warning [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]:

Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. (ERG, 2020)
Protective Clothing
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Hydrogen bromide:

Skin:
• PREVENT SKIN CONTACT (SOLUTION) - If this chemical is in solution, wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
• FROSTBITE - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.

Eyes:
• PREVENT EYE CONTACT (SOLUTION) - If this chemical is in solution, wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.
• FROSTBITE - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED (SOLUTION) - If this chemical is in solution, the worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED (SOLUTION) - If this chemical is in solution, work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide:
• EYEWASH (LIQUID) - Eyewash fountains should be provided (when this chemical is in liquid form) in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.
• QUICK DRENCH (SOLUTION) - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided (when this chemical is in solution) within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.]
• FROSTBITE WASH - Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating. (NIOSH, 2023)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
Normalized Breakthrough Times (in Minutes)
Chemical CAS Number State QS QC SL C3 TF TP RC TK RF
Hydrobromic acid (48%) 10035-10-6 Liquid >480 >480
Hydrogen bromide (gaseous) 10035-10-6 Vapor >480 >480 >480 >480 >480
> indicates greater than.

Special Warning from DuPont: Tychem® and Tyvek® fabrics should not be used around heat, flames, sparks or in potentially flammable or explosive environments. Only...

(DuPont, 2023)

First Aid
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Hydrogen bromide:

Eye:
• IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY (SOLUTION) - If this chemical in solution contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.
• FROSTBITE - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.

Skin:
• WATER FLUSH IMMEDIATELY (SOLUTION) - If this chemical in solution contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.
• FROSTBITE - If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water.

Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.

Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY (SOLUTION) - If this chemical in solution has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2023)

Physical Properties

Chemical Formula:
  • BrH
Flash Point: data unavailable
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): data unavailable
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): data unavailable
Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable
Melting Point: -124°F (NIOSH, 2023)
Vapor Pressure: 20 atm (NIOSH, 2023)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): 2.81 (NIOSH, 2023) - Heavier than air; will sink
Specific Gravity: 2.14 at -88.6°F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink
Boiling Point: -88.2°F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
Molecular Weight: 80.92 (USCG, 1999)
Water Solubility: 49 % (NIOSH, 2023)
Ionization Energy/Potential: 11.62 eV (NIOSH, 2023)
IDLH: 30 ppm (NIOSH, 2023)

AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)

Final AEGLs for Hydrogen Bromide (10035-10-6)
Exposure Period AEGL-1 AEGL-2 AEGL-3
10 minutes 1 ppm 250 ppm 740 ppm
30 minutes 1 ppm 83 ppm 250 ppm
60 minutes 1 ppm 40 ppm 120 ppm
4 hours 1 ppm 10 ppm 31 ppm
8 hours 1 ppm 5 ppm 15 ppm
(NAC/NRC, 2023)

ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)

No ERPG information available.

PACs (Protective Action Criteria)

Chemical PAC-1 PAC-2 PAC-3
Hydrogen bromide; (Hydrobromic acid) (10035-10-6) 1 ppm 40 ppm 120 ppm
(DOE, 2018)

Regulatory Information

EPA Consolidated List of Lists

No regulatory information available.

CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)

RELEASE THEFT SABOTAGE
Chemical of Interest CAS Number Min Conc STQ Security
Issue
Min Conc STQ Security
Issue
Min Conc STQ Security
Issue
Hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) 10035-10-6 95.33 % 500 pounds WME

(CISA, 2007)

OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List

Chemical Name CAS Number Threshold Quantity (TQ)
Hydrogen Bromide 10035-10-6 5000 pounds

(OSHA, 2019)

Alternate Chemical Names