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Chemical Datasheet
Chemical Identifiers
CAS Number |
UN/NA Number |
DOT Hazard Label |
USCG CHRIS Code |
- 57-14-7
|
|
- Poison Inhalation Hazard
- Flammable Liquid
- Corrosive
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NIOSH Pocket Guide |
International Chem Safety Card |
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
|
|
NFPA 704
General Description
A clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point 0°F. Corrosive to the skin. Less dense than water and soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air and very toxic by inhalation, attacking the eyes and respiratory system. Prolonged exposure of containers to heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing due to decomposition. Generates toxic oxides of nitrogen when burned. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and a flame can flashback to the source of vapors. Used as a rocket propellant and to make other chemicals.
Hazards
Reactivity Alerts
- Highly Flammable
- Strong Reducing Agent
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable over a wide range of vapor concentrations. May ignite spontaneously when spread on a large surface exposed to the air. [Def. Res. and Eng., pp 299-300(1963)]. Dissolves and slowly decomposes in water.
Fire Hazard
Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flashback. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. When it decomposes, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine gives off toxic nitrogen compound fumes. Dissolves, swells, and disintegrates many plastics. Dangerous when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Hazardous polymerization may not occur. (EPA, 1998)
Health Hazard
This compound exhibits high acute toxicity as a result of exposure by all routes. Death or permanent injury may result after very short exposure to small quantities. Chronic exposure may cause pneumonia, liver damage, and kidney damage. (EPA, 1998)
Reactivity Profile
1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE is a powerful reducing agent. Ignition can occur on contact with oxidizing agents such hydrogen peroxide and fuming nitric acid [Haz. Chem. Data(1966)]. Also reacts as a base to neutralize acids in exothermic reactions.
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
- Azo, Diazo, Azido, Hydrazine, and Azide Compounds
- Reducing Agents, Strong
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents
No information available.
Response Recommendations
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1163 datasheet.
FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
Firefighting
Move containers from fire area if it can be done without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal, do not scatter the material. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water until well after fire is out, wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Isolate for one-half mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.
Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam for small fires. In large fires water fog, carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate agents may allow flashback and explosive re-ignition. (EPA, 1998)
Non-Fire Response
Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)
Protective Clothing
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine:
Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.
Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.
Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100°F).
Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.
Provide:
• EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.
• QUICK DRENCH - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2024)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
Normalized Breakthrough Times (in Minutes)
Chemical |
CAS Number |
State |
QS |
QC |
SL |
C3 |
TF |
TP |
RC |
TK |
RF |
Dimethyl hydrazine, N,N- |
57-14-7 |
Liquid |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
>480⁸ |
>480⁸ |
>480⁸ |
Special Warning from DuPont: Tychem® and Tyvek® fabrics should not be
used around heat, flames, sparks or in potentially flammable or
explosive environments. Only...
(DuPont, 2024)
First Aid
Warning: Effects may be delayed for hours to days. Caution is advised.
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Dimethylhydrazine Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to dimethylhydrazine may include eye irritation, facial numbness, facial swelling, and increased salivation. Headache, twitching, seizures, convulsions, and coma may also occur. Gastrointestinal effects include anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. Pulmonary edema and hypotension (low blood pressure) are common. Dimethylhydrazine is toxic to the liver, ruptures red blood cells, and may cause kidney damage. Dermal contact may result in strong skin and mucous membrane irritation.
Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dimethylhydrazine may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as dimethylhydrazine-resistant sheeting and disposable bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.
Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to dimethylhydrazine.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Transport to a health care facility.
Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to dimethylhydrazine.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
5. Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water.
6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
7. Transport to a health care facility.
Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of dimethylhydrazine is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step
4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning: Ingestion of dimethylhydrazine may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness. Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step
4.The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.
4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.
5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.
6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)
Physical Properties
Flash Point:
5°F
(EPA, 1998)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL):
2 %
(EPA, 1998)
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL):
95 %
(EPA, 1998)
Autoignition Temperature:
480°F
(NTP, 1992)
Melting Point:
-72°F
(EPA, 1998)
Vapor Pressure:
157 mmHg
at 77°F
(EPA, 1998)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air):
1.94
(EPA, 1998)
- Heavier than air; will sink
Specific Gravity:
0.7914
at 71.6°F
(EPA, 1998)
- Less dense than water; will float
Boiling Point:
147°F
at 760 mmHg
(EPA, 1998)
Molecular Weight:
60.1
(EPA, 1998)
Water Solubility:
Decomposes
(NTP, 1992)
Ionization Energy/Potential:
8.05 eV
(NIOSH, 2024)
IDLH:
15 ppm
; A potential occupational carcinogen.
(NIOSH, 2024)
AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)
Final AEGLs for 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine (57-14-7)
Exposure Period |
AEGL-1 |
AEGL-2 |
AEGL-3 |
10 minutes |
NR |
18 ppm |
65 ppm |
30 minutes |
NR |
6 ppm |
22 ppm |
60 minutes |
NR |
3 ppm |
11 ppm |
4 hours |
NR |
0.75 ppm |
2.7 ppm |
8 hours |
NR |
0.38 ppm |
1.4 ppm |
(NAC/NRC, 2024)
ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)
No ERPG information available.
PACs (Protective Action Criteria)
Chemical |
PAC-1 |
PAC-2 |
PAC-3 |
|
Dimethylhydrazine, 1,1- (57-14-7)
|
0.27 ppm |
3 ppm |
11 ppm |
LEL = 20000 ppm |
(DOE, 2024)
Regulatory Information
EPA Consolidated List of Lists
Regulatory Name |
CAS Number/ 313 Category Code |
EPCRA 302 EHS TPQ |
EPCRA 304 EHS RQ |
CERCLA RQ |
EPCRA 313 TRI |
RCRA Code |
CAA 112(r) RMP TQ |
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine |
57-14-7 |
1000 pounds |
10 pounds |
10 pounds |
313 |
U098 |
15000 pounds |
Dimethylhydrazine |
57-14-7 |
1000 pounds |
10 pounds |
10 pounds |
X |
U098 |
15000 pounds |
Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl- |
57-14-7 |
1000 pounds |
10 pounds |
10 pounds |
X |
U098 |
15000 pounds |
(EPA List of Lists, 2024)
CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)
|
RELEASE |
THEFT |
SABOTAGE |
Chemical of Interest |
CAS Number |
Min Conc |
STQ |
Security Issue |
Min Conc |
STQ |
Security Issue |
Min Conc |
STQ |
Security Issue |
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine; [Hydrazine, 1, 1-dimethyl-] |
57-14-7 |
1.00 % |
10000 pounds |
flammable |
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(CISA, 2007)
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List
Chemical Name |
CAS Number |
Threshold Quantity (TQ) |
Dimethylhydrazine, 1,1- |
57-14-7 |
1000 pounds |
(OSHA, 2019)
Alternate Chemical Names
- AS-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- ASYM DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- DIMAZIN
- DIMAZINE
- 1,1-DIMETHYL HYDRAZINE
- DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE UNSYMMETRICAL
- DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, UNSYMMETRICAL
- DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE, [UNSYMMETRICAL]
- 1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- DMH
- GEM-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- HYDRAZINE, 1,1-DIMETHYL
- HYDRAZINE, 1,1-DIMETHYL-
- N,N-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- U-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- UDMH
- UNS-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- UNSYM-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- UNSYMMETRICAL DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
- UNSYMMETRICAL-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE