SARIN

A colorless, odorless liquid. Almost no odor in pure state. Used as a quick-acting military chemical nerve agent. Chemical warfare agent.

• Water-Reactive

Hydrolyzed by water to form hydrogen fluoride and the nontoxic phosphonic acid derivative. It is rapidly hydrolyzed by dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide [Merck 11th ed. 1989].

Non-flammable. Acidic conditions produce hydrogen fluoride; alkaline conditions produce isopropyl alcohol and polymers. When heated to decomposition or reacted with steam, it emits very toxic fumes of fluorides and oxides of phosphorus. Slightly corrosive to steel. Hydrolyzed by water. (EPA, 1998)

Extremely toxic; lethal dose in humans may be as low as 0.01 mg/kg. Extremely active cholinesterase inhibitor. Toxic effects similar to, but more severe than those of parathion. Death within 15 minutes after fatal dose is absorbed. (EPA, 1998)

Acidic conditions produce hydrogen fluoride; alkaline conditions produce isopropyl alcohol and polymers. When heated to decomposition or reacted with steam, it emits very toxic fumes of fluorides and oxides of phosphorus. Slightly corrosive to steel. Hydrolyzed by water [EPA, 1998].

• Sulfonates, Phosphonates, and Thiophosphonates, Organic
• Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates

Use caution: Liquids with this reactive group classification have been known to react with the absorbents listed below.

• Cellulose-Based Absorbents
• Mineral-Based & Clay-Based Absorbents
• Dirt/Earth

Excerpt from 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: If this material is being used as a weapon, see ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the 153 datasheet for unassigned UN/NA numbers . Otherwise increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)

Protective clothing and respiratory protection.

Extinguish with foam, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical (EPA, 1998)

Rapidly hydrolyzed by dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate forming relatively non-toxic products. Water alone removes the fluorine atom producing a non-toxic acid. Decontaminants include bleach slurry, dilute alkali, hot soapy water, steam and ammonia. (EPA, 1998)

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Normalized Breakthrough Times (in Minutes)

Chemical	CAS Number	State	QS	QC	SL	C3	TF	TP	RC	TK	RF
Sarin (GB), FINABEL 0.7.C	107-44-8	Liquid					>1400⁸	>1400⁸
Sarin (GB), MIL-STD-282 (10 g/m2)	107-44-8	Liquid			>480⁸	120⁸			>480⁸	>480⁸	>480⁸
Sarin (GB), MIL-STD-282 (100 g/m2)	107-44-8	Liquid					>480⁸	>480⁸	>480⁸	>480⁸	>480⁸

Special Warning from DuPont: Tychem® and Tyvek® fabrics should not be used around heat, flames, sparks or in potentially flammable or explosive environments. Only...

(DuPont, 2023)

Note: Sarin is an EXTREMELY ACTIVE cholinesterase inhibitor. Warning: Death may occur within 1 to 10 minutes of inhalation exposure to a minute amount of sarin. Immediate decontamination of the smallest drop is essential. Effects may be delayed with dermal exposure. Extreme caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Sarin Exposure: The first indication of exposure to sarin may be a reaction at the point of contact: localized sweating, muscular twitching, and pinpoint eye pupils. Rhinorrhea (running nose), tightness of the chest with shortness of breath, and dimness of vision may be noted. In more severe exposure, headache, cramps, nausea, vomiting, involuntary defecation and urination, twitching, jerking, staggering, convulsions, drowsiness, coma, and respiratory arrest may be seen.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sarin may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sarin.
2. RUSH to a health care facility!
3. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when facial contamination exists; use forced-oxygen mask. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
4. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sarin.
2. RUSH to a health care facility!
3. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when facial contamination exists; use forced-oxygen mask.
4. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
5. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
6. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with commercial household liquid bleach and then flush with water. Avoid contacting the eyes or mouth with bleach.
7. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when facial contamination exists; use forced-oxygen mask. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
2. RUSH to a health care facility!
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize.
5. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.
6. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

• GB (CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT)
• IMPF
• ISOPROPOXYMETHYLPHOSPHORYL FLUORIDE
• ISOPROPYL METHANEFLUOROPHOSPHONATE
• ISOPROPYL METHYLFLUOROPHOSPHATE
• ISOPROPYL METHYLFLUOROPHOSPHONATE
• ISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDATE
• ISOPROPYL-METHYL-PHOSPHORYL FLUORIDE
• 1-METHYLETHYL METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDATE
• METHYLFLUOROPHOSPHORIC ACID ISOPROPYL ESTER
• METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDIC ACID ISOPROPYL ESTER
• MFI
• O-ISOPROPYL METHYLFLUOROPHOSPHONATE
• O-ISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDATE
• PHOSPHINE OXIDE, FLUOROISOPROPOXYMETHYL
• PHOSPHONOFLUORIDIC ACID, METHYL-, ISOPROPYL ESTER
• PHOSPHORIC ACID, METHYLFLUORO-, ISOPROPYL ESTER
• SARIN
• SARIN II
• T-144
• T-2106
• TL 1618
• TRILONE 46