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Chemical Datasheet
ETHYL SILICATE |
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Chemical Identifiers
CAS Number |
UN/NA Number |
DOT Hazard Label |
USCG CHRIS Code |
- 78-10-4
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NIOSH Pocket Guide |
International Chem Safety Card |
Ethyl silicate
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NFPA 704
General Description
A clear colorless liquid with a faint odor. Flash point 125°F. Less dense than water. Vapors are heavier than air.
Hazards
Reactivity Alerts
Air & Water Reactions
Flammable. Practically insoluble in water. Reacts slowly with water to form silica and ethyl alcohol [Merck].
Fire Hazard
Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids will float on water. (ERG, 2024)
Health Hazard
Inhalation of vapor causes eye and nose irritation, unsteadiness, tremors, salivation, respiratory difficulty, and unconsciousness. Contact with liquid irritates eyes and may cause dryness, cracking, and inflammation of skin. Ingestion may produce nausea, vomiting, and cramps. (USCG, 1999)
Reactivity Profile
ETHYL SILICATE reacts exothermically with acids Strong oxidizing acids may cause a reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. May generate with caustic solutions. May generate flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides.
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents
No information available.
Response Recommendations
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).
FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
Firefighting
Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:
CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.
SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842).
LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)
Non-Fire Response
Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)
Protective Clothing
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Ethyl silicate:
Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.
Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.
Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100°F).
Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift. (NIOSH, 2024)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
Normalized Breakthrough Times (in Minutes)
Chemical |
CAS Number |
State |
QS |
QC |
SL |
C3 |
TF |
TP |
RC |
TK |
RF |
Tetraethoxysilane |
78-10-4 |
Liquid |
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>480 |
>480 |
>480 |
Special Warning from DuPont: Tychem® and Tyvek® fabrics should not be
used around heat, flames, sparks or in potentially flammable or
explosive environments. Only...
(DuPont, 2024)
First Aid
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Ethyl silicate:
Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.
Skin: SOAP WASH PROMPTLY - If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly.
Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024)
Physical Properties
Flash Point:
99°F
(USCG, 1999)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL):
1.3 %
(USCG, 1999)
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL):
23 %
(USCG, 1999)
Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable
Melting Point:
-121.9°F
(USCG, 1999)
Vapor Pressure:
1 mmHg
(NIOSH, 2024)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): data unavailable
Specific Gravity:
0.933
at 68°F
(USCG, 1999)
- Less dense than water; will float
Boiling Point:
336°F
at 760 mmHg
(USCG, 1999)
Molecular Weight:
208.3
(USCG, 1999)
Water Solubility:
Reacts with water
(NIOSH, 2024)
Ionization Energy/Potential:
9.77 eV
(NIOSH, 2024)
IDLH:
700 ppm
(NIOSH, 2024)
AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)
No AEGL information available.
ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)
Chemical |
ERPG-1 |
ERPG-2 |
ERPG-3 |
Silane, Tetraethoxy- (78-10-4)
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25 ppm  |
100 ppm |
300 ppm |
(AIHA, 2022)
PACs (Protective Action Criteria)
Chemical |
PAC-1 |
PAC-2 |
PAC-3 |
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Tetraethyl orthosilicate; (Ethyl silicate; Tetraethoxysilane) (78-10-4)
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25 ppm |
100 ppm |
300 ppm |
LEL = 13000 ppm |
(DOE, 2024)
Regulatory Information
EPA Consolidated List of Lists
No regulatory information available.
CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)
No regulatory information available.
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List
No regulatory information available.
Alternate Chemical Names
- CONSERVARE OH
- DYNASIL A
- ES 100
- ES 100 (SILICATE)
- ES 28
- ES 28 (ESTER)
- ETHYL ORTHOSILICATE
- ETHYL SILICATE
- ETHYL SILICATE ((ETO)4SI)
- ETHYL SILICATE (CONDENSED)
- ETHYL SILICATE 28
- ETHYL SILICATE 40
- KBE 04
- LS 2430
- SI 42
- SILANE, TETRAETHOXY-
- SILIBOND
- SILICON ETHOXIDE
- SILICON ETHOXIDE (SI(OET)4)
- SILICON TETRAETHOXIDE
- SILICON TETRAETHOXIDE (SI(OET)4)
- SILIKAN L
- STEINFESTIGER OH
- TEOS
- TES 28
- TETRAETHOXYSILICON
- TETRAETHOXYSILICON(IV)
- TETRAETHYL ORTHOSILICATE
- TETRAETHYL SILICATE
- TSL 8124