ARSINE

Diamond	Hazard	Value	Description
4 4 2	Health	4	Can be lethal.
	Flammability	4	Burns readily. Rapidly or completely vaporizes at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature.
	Instability	2	Readily undergoes violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures.
	Special

A colorless gas with a disagreeable garlic odor. Flammable. Heavier than air. Flame easily flashes back to the source of leak. Extremely toxic by inhalation; has been used as a military poison gas. Confirmed human carcinogen. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat containers may rupture violently and rocket.

Rate of onset: Immediate to 24 hours

Persistence: Minutes to hours

Odor threshold: 0.5 ppm

Source/use/other hazard: Used in electronics industry; reacts with H20 (don't use H2O in fire).

• Highly Flammable
• Strong Reducing Agent
• Water-Reactive

Highly flammable. On exposure to light, decomposes rapidly depositing shiny black arsenic.

Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Container may explode in heat of fire. When heated to decomposition, emits highly toxic fumes. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. May explode when exposed to chlorine, nitric acid, or potassium plus ammonia. On exposure to light, moist arsine decomposes quickly, depositing shiny black arsenic. (EPA, 1998)

This material is highly toxic by inhalation; a very short exposure to small quantities may cause death or permanent injury. Arsine is the most powerful hemolytic poison encountered in industry. (EPA, 1998)

ARSINE decomposes into its elements (arsenic, gaseous hydrogen) when heated to 300°C. Can form accidentally by the reaction of arsenic impurities with mineral acids (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid) in the presence of common metals (iron, zinc). A reducing agent---not oxidized by air at room temperature [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 3, 1978, p. 251], but may react vigorously with other oxidizing agents [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 279]. Moderately explosive in combination with chlorine or nitric acid. When heated to decomposition or ignited, it emits highly toxic fumes of metallic arsenic.

• Reducing Agents, Strong

No information available.

Excerpt from 119 [Gases - Toxic - Flammable]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: If this material is being used as a weapon, see ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the 119 datasheet for unassigned UN/NA numbers . Otherwise see ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 2188 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)

Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.

Let small fires burn. Use water spray, fog, or foam for large fires. For massive fire in cargo area use unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (EPA, 1998)

Excerpt from 119 [Gases - Toxic - Flammable]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium-expansion foam to reduce vapors. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. (ERG, 2020)

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Arsine:

Skin: FROSTBITE - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.

Eyes: FROSTBITE - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.

Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift).

Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100°F).

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide: FROSTBITE WASH - Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating. (NIOSH, 2023)

Normalized Breakthrough Times (in Minutes)

Chemical	CAS Number	State	QS	QC	SL	C3	TF	TP	RC	TK	RF
Arsine	7784-42-1	Vapor							>480	>480	>480

Special Warning from DuPont: Tychem® and Tyvek® fabrics should not be used around heat, flames, sparks or in potentially flammable or explosive environments. Only...

(DuPont, 2023)

Warning: Effects usually appear within 30 to 60 minutes, but may be delayed for several hours. Caution is advised.

Note: Arsine is the most powerful hemolytic poison encountered in industry.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Arsine Exposure: Acute arsine exposure may be fatal. Headache and a garlicky odor of the breath may be the first signs and symptoms noted following acute exposure to arsine. Victims may experience hypotension (low blood pressure), generalized weakness, and muscle cramping. Gastrointestinal effects include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain. Urine may be colored red or green, and the volume may be reduced. Arsine is corrosive to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Severe exposure may result in cardiac abnormalities.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to arsine may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Victims must be transported to a health care facility as quickly as possible. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to arsine.
2. RUSH to a health care facility!
3. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
4. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to arsine.
2. RUSH to a health care facility!
3. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.
4. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
5. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
6. THOROUGHLY wash exposed skin areas with water.
7. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

Ingestion Exposure: No information is available. (EPA, 1998)

• ARSENIC HYDRID
• ARSENIC HYDRIDE
• ARSENIC HYDRIDE (ASH3)
• ARSENIC TRIHYDRIDE
• ARSENIURETTED HYDROGEN
• ARSENOUS HYDRIDE
• ARSINE
• HYDROGEN ARSENIDE
• SA
• SA (CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENT)