Print
Chemical Datasheet
TURPENTINE |
|
Chemical Identifiers
CAS Number |
UN/NA Number |
DOT Hazard Label |
USCG CHRIS Code |
|
|
|
|
NIOSH Pocket Guide |
International Chem Safety Card |
Turpentine
|
|
NFPA 704
data unavailable
General Description
A clear colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air.
Hazards
Reactivity Alerts
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: Forms heavy black smoke and soot (USCG, 1999)
Health Hazard
Vapors cause headache, confusion, respiratory distress. Liquid irritates skin. If ingested, can irritate the entire digestive system and may injure kidneys. If liquid is taken into lungs, causes severe pneumonitis. (USCG, 1999)
Reactivity Profile
TURPENTINE reacts with oxidizing agents. Calcium hypochlorite was placed in a turpentine container, thought to be empty. Reaction with the residual turpentine resulted in an explosion within a few minutes [Benson 1967]. Reacts violently with chromic anhydride [Haz. Chem. Data 1967 p. 68]. Reacts with stannic chloride producing heat and sometimes flame [Mellor 7:430 1946-47]. May also react exothermically with reducing agents to produce gaseous hydrogen.
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
- Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents
Use caution: Liquids with this reactive group classification have been
known to react with the
absorbent
listed below.
Response Recommendations
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).
FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
Firefighting
Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:
CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: For mixtures containing alcohol or polar solvent, alcohol-resistant foam may be more effective.
SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.
LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. For petroleum crude oil, do not spray water directly into a breached tank car. This can lead to a dangerous boil over. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)
Non-Fire Response
Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)
Protective Clothing
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Turpentine:
Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.
Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.
Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100°F).
Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift. (NIOSH, 2024)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
No information available.
First Aid
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Turpentine:
Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.
Skin: SOAP WASH PROMPTLY - If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly.
Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024)
Physical Properties
Chemical Formula:
data unavailable
Flash Point:
95°F
(NIOSH, 2024)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL):
0.8 %
(USCG, 1999)
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): data unavailable
Autoignition Temperature:
488°F
(USCG, 1999)
Melting Point:
-76 to -58°F
(NIOSH, 2024)
Vapor Pressure:
13.44 mmHg
(USCG, 1999)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): data unavailable
Specific Gravity:
0.86
(NIOSH, 2024)
- Less dense than water; will float
Boiling Point:
302 to 320°F
at 760 mmHg
(USCG, 1999)
Molecular Weight:
136
(approx)
(NIOSH, 2024)
Water Solubility:
Insoluble
(NIOSH, 2024)
Ionization Energy/Potential: data unavailable
IDLH:
800 ppm
(NIOSH, 2024)
AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)
No AEGL information available.
ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)
No ERPG information available.
PACs (Protective Action Criteria)
Chemical |
PAC-1 |
PAC-2 |
PAC-3 |
Turpentine, (Alpha and beta pinene, 80-56-8) (8006-64-2)
|
60 ppm |
120 ppm |
1500 ppm |
(DOE, 2024)
Regulatory Information
EPA Consolidated List of Lists
No regulatory information available.
CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)
No regulatory information available.
OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List
No regulatory information available.
Alternate Chemical Names
- D.D. TURPENTINE
- ESSENTIAL OILS, TURPENTINE
- G 4134
- GALIPOT
- GUM THUS
- GUM TURPENTINE
- GUM TURPENTINE, OILS
- GUMSPIRITS
- NAVAL STORES, TURPENTINE
- OIL OF TURPENTINE
- OIL OF TURPENTINE, RECTIFIED
- OILS, ESSENTIAL, TURPENTINE
- OILS, TURPENTINE
- PETROPINE
- PINE GUM
- PINE RESIN
- RESINS, PINE
- RESINS, TURPENTINE
- SKIPIDAR
- SPIRIT OF TURPENTINE
- SPIRITS OF TURPENTINE
- STEAM DISTILLED TURPENTINE
- SULFATE TURPENTINE
- SULFATE WOOD TURPENTINE
- TURPENTINE
- TURPENTINE GUM
- TURPENTINE OIL
- TURPENTINE OIL, RECTIFIED
- TURPENTINE SPIRITS
- TURPENTINE STEAM DISTILLED
- TURPS
- WOOD TURPENTINE