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Chemical Datasheet

DICHLORVOS

Chemical Identifiers

UN/NA Number CAS Number CHRIS Code DOT Hazard Label
  • 2783
  • 62-73-7
  • DCV
  • POISON
NFPA 704: data unavailable
General Description
A colorless to amber liquid with an aromatic odor. When heated to high temperatures may emit toxic chloride fumes and phosgene gas. Flash point 175°F or higher. Toxic by inhalation, skin absorption or ingestion. Used as a pesticide.

Hazards

Reactivity Alerts
none
Air & Water Reactions
More dense than water and slightly soluble in water.
Fire Hazard
Toxic chloride fumes and phosgene formed if heated to decomposition or on contact with acid or acid fumes. Corrosive to iron and mild steel, acids or acid fumes. Hydrolyzes in water. (EPA, 1998)
Health Hazard
Dichlorvos is a very toxic compound with a probable lethal oral dose in humans between 50 and 500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoonful and 1 oz. for a 70 kg (150 lb.) person. However, brief exposure (30-60 minutes) to vapor concentrations as high as 6.9 mg/liter did not result in clinical signs or depressed serum cholinesterase levels. Toxic changes are typical of organophosphate insecticide poisoning with progression to respiratory distress, respiratory paralysis, and death if there is no clinical intervention. (EPA, 1998)
Reactivity Profile
DICHLORVOS is incompatible with strong acids and bases. It is slowly hydrolyzed in acidic media and rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. It is corrosive to iron and mild steel. (NTP, 1992). Organophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)

Response Recommendations

Firefighting
Use self-contained breathing apparatus with a full face piece operated on pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. Prevent skin contact with protective clothing. Isolate area and deny entry. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for future disposal.

Use water in flooding quantities as fog, alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Do not scatter the material. (EPA, 1998)
Non-Fire Response
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Water spill: If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. (AAR, 2003)
Protective Clothing
Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2003)
First Aid
Warning: Effects may be delayed up to 12 hours. Caution is advised.

Note: Dichlorvos is a cholinesterase inhibitor.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Dichlorvos Exposure: Acute exposure to dichlorvos may produce the following signs and symptoms: sweating, pinpoint pupils, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, profound weakness, muscle spasms, seizures, and coma. Mental confusion and psychosis may occur. Excessive salivation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain may also occur. The heart rate may decrease following oral exposure or increase following dermal exposure. Chest pain may be noted. Hypotension (low blood pressure) may be observed, although hypertension (high blood pressure) is not uncommon. Respiratory symptoms include dyspnea (shortness of breath), pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dichlorvos may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to dichlorvos.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to dichlorvos.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
5. Wash exposed skin areas three times with soap and water.
6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of dichlorvos is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step
4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning: Ingestion of dichlorvos may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness. Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step
4.The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.
4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.
5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.
6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Physical Properties

Molecular Formula:
  • C4H7Cl2O4P
Flash Point: Greater than 175F (EPA, 1998)
Lower Explosive Limit: Moderately flammable, will not ignite easily. (EPA, 1998)
Upper Explosive Limit: Moderately flammable, will not ignite easily. (EPA, 1998)
Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable
Melting Point: 183.0 ° F (NTP, 1992)
Vapor Pressure: 0.01 mm Hg at 86.0 ° F (EPA, 1998)
Vapor Density: data unavailable
Specific Gravity: 1.415 at 77.0 ° F (EPA, 1998)
Boiling Point: 284.0 ° F at 20.0 mm Hg (EPA, 1998)
Molecular Weight: 220.98 (EPA, 1998)
Water Solubility: 10-50 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992)
AEGL: data unavailable
ERPG: data unavailable
TEEL-1 TEEL-2 TEEL-3
1.0 ppm 2.21 ppm 100.0 ppm
(SCAPA, 2008)
IDLH: 100.0 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 2003)

Regulatory Information

Regulatory Names:
  • PHOSPHORIC ACID, 2-DICHLOROETHENYL DIMETHYL ESTER
  • DICHLORVOS
CAA RMP: Not a regulated chemical.
CERCLA: Regulated chemical with a Reportable Quantity of 10 pounds.
EHS (EPCRA 302): Regulated chemical with a Reportable Quantity of 10 pounds and a Threshold Planning Quantity of 1000 pounds.
TRI (EPCRA 313): Regulated chemical.
RCRA Chemical Code: none

Alternate Chemical Names