Reactive Group Datasheet

Phosphates and Thiophosphates, Organic

What are reactive groups?

Reactive groups are categories of chemicals that typically react in similar ways because they are similar in their chemical structure. Each substance with a chemical datasheet has been assigned to one or more reactive groups, and CAMEO Chemicals uses the reactive group assignments to make its reactivity predictions. More Info...

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There are 207 chemical datasheets assigned to this reactive group.

Description

Flammability

These materials are combustible. Burning them generates highly toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides and (in the case of the thiophosphates) sulfur oxides. Many fire-retardant foams are organophosphate-based and act to lay down a protective layer that excludes oxygen.

Reactivity

Materials in this group are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.

Toxicity

Variable. The pyrophosphate esters (such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate) are highly toxic. These derivatives form the basis of a group of insecticides. They interfere with normal nerve transmission by inhibiting cholinesterase. These pesticides should be handled with great care (when released to the environment they are rapidly degraded). Other organophosphates behave similarly.

Other Characteristics

These compounds are derivatives of phosphoric acid and phosphonic acid in which S may substitute for O and organic groups may substitute for H. They include phospholipids or phosphatides, which are distributed widely in nature in the form of lecithin, certain proteins, and nucleic acids; esters of phosphinic and phosphonic acid, which are used as plasticizers, insecticides, resin ingredients, and flame retardants; pyrophosphates (or diphosphates) which form when phosphate groups condense with the elimination of a molecule of water; phosphate esters of polyols, which are used as components of fertilizer mixtures.

Examples

Acephate, chlormephos, chlorfenvinfos, coumaphos, demeton, diazinon, dimefox, dimethoate, ethoprophos, fenamiphos, fonofos, hexaethyl tetraphosphate, isofenphos, isofluorphate, leptophos, merphos, mevinphos, monocrotophos, profenofos, propetamphos.

Reactivity Documentation

Click on the links below to see how this reactive group is predicted to react when it is mixed with one of the 47 reactive groups. A variety of documentation about that reactive group pair will be displayed, including predicted hazards, predicted gas byproducts, and background materials and references used to make the predictions.

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Phosphates and Thiophosphates, Organic

What are reactive groups?

Description

Reactivity Documentation